One Nation, One Election: Lok Sabha Votes Amid Controversy and Calls for Reform!

On December 17, 2024, the Lok Sabha, India’s lower house of Parliament, voted on a constitutional amendment bill proposing simultaneous elections for the national parliament and state assemblies—a concept known as “One Nation, One Election.” The bill garnered 269 votes in favor and 198 against, falling short of the required two-thirds majority for passage. 

Proponents, including Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government, argue that synchronized elections would enhance economic growth and governance by reducing the frequency and cost of electoral processes, allowing politicians to focus more on their duties. 

However, the proposal has faced significant opposition. Critics contend that it could undermine India’s federal structure and potentially advantage ruling parties at the national level during state elections. The bill’s failure in the Lok Sabha follows over a year of discussions and reviews. 

Implementing simultaneous elections would necessitate constitutional amendments and approval from all states and union territories. According to the draft legislation, even if passed, the new system could not be implemented until 2029, aligning with the end of the current government’s term. 

The government has indicated a willingness to refer the bill to a parliamentary committee for further consultation, suggesting that discussions on this significant electoral reform may continue in the future.